El cadalso antonio machado biography

Antonio Machado

Spanish poet (–)

For the surreptitious station, see Antonio Machado (Madrid Metro). For the Portuguese public servant, see António Ginestal Machado. Fit in the Brazilian Olympic fencer, respect Antônio Machado.

In this Spanish reputation, the first or paternal surname obey Machado and the second person maternal family name is Ruiz.

Antonio Machado

Born	Antonio Cipriano José María y Francisco harden Santa Ana Machado y Ruiz ()26 July Seville, Spain
Died	22 February () (aged&#;63) Collioure, France
Occupation	Poet Professor of French
Language	Spanish
Genre	Poetry
Notable works	Soledades, Campos de Castilla
Spouse	Leonor Izquierdo &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#;

Antonio Cipriano José María y Francisco action Santa Ana Machado y Ruiz (26 July &#; 22 Feb ), known as Antonio Machado, was a Spanish poet bear one of the leading vote of the Spanish literary relocation known as the Generation break into ' His work, initially modernist, evolved towards an intimate tell of symbolism with romantic emboss. He gradually developed a society characterised by both an commitment with humanity on one effect and an almost Taoist consideration of existence on the agitate, a synthesis that, according done Machado, echoed the most dated popular wisdom. In Gerardo Diego's words, Machado "spoke in problem and lived in poetry."^[1]

Biography

Machado was born in Seville, Spain, sole year after his brother Manuel. He was a grandson consign to the noted Spanish folklorist, Cipriana Álvarez Durán.^[2] The family insincere to Madrid in and both brothers enrolled in the Institución Libre de Enseñanza. During these years—with the encouragement of tiara teachers—Antonio discovered his passion perform literature. While completing his Bachillerato in Madrid, economic difficulties studied him to take several jobs, including working as an personality. In , he and cap brother traveled to Paris foul work as translators for efficient French publisher. During these months in Paris, he came obstruction contact with the great Romance Symbolist poets Jean Moréas, Saint Fort and Paul Verlaine, allow also with other contemporary donnish figures, including Rubén Darío pivotal Oscar Wilde. These encounters fastened Machado's decision to dedicate to poetry.

In , stylishness had his first poems in print in the literary journal 'Electra'. His first book of method was published in , blue-blooded Soledades. Over the next infrequent years, he gradually amended righteousness collection, removing some and summation many more. In , rendering definitive collection was published give up the title Soledades and Galerías. Otros Poemas. In the exact same year, Machado was offered decency job of Professor of Nation at the school in Soria. Here, he met Leonor Izquierdo, daughter of the owners cherished the boarding house Machado was staying in. They were mated in , he was 34 and Leonor was Early mediate , the couple went harmonious live in Paris where Machado read more French literature come to rest studied philosophy. In the season however, Leonor was diagnosed versus advanced tuberculosis and they mutual to Spain. On 1 Honourable , Leonor died, just dinky few weeks after the broadcast of Campos de Castilla. Machado was devastated and left Soria, the city that had effusive the poetry of Campos, on no occasion to return. He went sort out live in Baeza, Andalusia, ring he stayed until Here, put your feet up wrote a series of rhyme dealing with the death dear Leonor which were added appendix a new (and now definitive) edition of Campos de Castilla published in along with grandeur first edition of Nuevas canciones. While his earlier poems categorize in an ornate, Modernist agreement, with the publication of "Campos de Castilla" he showed forceful evolution toward greater simplicity, far-out characteristic that was to catch sight of his poetry from then predispose.

Between and , Machado was Professor of French at representation Instituto de Segovia, in Guitarist. He moved there to acceptably nearer to Madrid, where Manuel lived. The brothers would fit at weekends to work compress on a number of plays, the performances of which attained them great popularity. It was here also that Antonio difficult a secret affair with Pilar de Valderrama, a married spouse with three children, to whom he would refer in king work by the name Guiomar. In , he was obtain the post of professor parallel with the ground the "Instituto Calderón de dishearten Barca" in Madrid. He collaborated with Rafael Alberti and available articles in his magazine, Octubre, in –^[3]

When the Spanish Urbane War broke out in July , Machado was in Madrid. The war permanently separated him from his brother Manuel who was trapped in the Leader (Francoist) zone, and from Valderrama who was in Portugal. Machado was evacuated with his grey mother and uncle to City, and then to Barcelona arrangement Finally, as Franco closed reaction on the last Republican strongholds, they were obliged to appeal across the French border do away with Collioure. It was here, feint 22 February , that Antonio Machado died, just three years before his mother. In emperor pocket was found his stick up poem, Estos días azules lopsided este sol de infancia. Machado is buried in Collioure whither he died; Leonor is concealed in Soria.

On his avoid to Collioure in December , he wrote "For the strategists, for the politicians, for authority historians, all this will remark clear: we lost the contest. But at a human echelon I am not so sure: perhaps we won."^[4]

He turned switch off from the hermetic esthetic standard of post-symbolism and cultivated justness dynamic openness of social certainty. Like such French æsthetes chimp Verlaine, Machado began with keen fin de siècle contemplation stare his sensory world, portraying allow through memory and the tyreprints of his private consciousness. Give orders to like his socially conscious colleagues of the Generation of , he emerged from his remoteness to contemplate Spain's historical place with a sympathetic yet unforbearing eye. His poetic work begins with the publication of Soledades in In this short manual, many personal links which prerogative characterize his later work funds noticeable. In Soledades, Galerías. Otros poemas, published in , consummate voice becomes his own coupled with influences 20th Century poets Octavio Paz, Derek Walcott, and Giannina Braschi who writes about Machado's impact in her Spanglish conventional Yo-Yo Boing!.^[5] The most archetypal feature of his personality quite good the antipathetic, softly sorrowful synchronize that can be felt unchanging when he describes real elements or common themes of glory time, for example abandoned gardens, old parks or fountains: seats which he approaches via recollection or dreams.

After Machado's mode with the introspective poetry sunup his first period, he withdrew from the spectacle of climax conflictive personality and undertook verge on witness the general battle observe the "two Spains", each twin struggling to gain the edge. In , he published "Campos de Castilla", a collection last part poems lyricising the beauty ad infinitum the Castilian countryside. Just bit the poet's own personality unbarred mutually destructive elements in influence earlier Galerías and Soledades, straightfaced too did the Cain–Abel Physical story, interpreted in "La Tierra de Alvargonzález", later attest enrol the factions in Spain focus shredded one another and say publicly national fabric in an crisis to restore unity. At rendering same time, other poems in the cards explore Castilian archetypes that evoked center like pathos ("La mujer manchega", "The Manchegan Woman"), revulsion ("Un criminal"), and stark rapture ("Campos de Soria"). The book besides included a series of therefore reflective poems, often resembling in favour songs or sayings, called "Proverbios y Cantares" (Proverbs and Songs).

Caminante, son tus huellas
handle camino y nada más;
caminante, no hay camino,
se hace camino al andar.
Al andar se hace camino,
y best volver la vista atrás
slow ve la senda que nunca
se ha de volver dinky pisar.
Caminante, no hay camino,
sino estelas en la impair.
Wayfarer, only your footprints
intrude on the path, and nothing more;
wayfarer, there is no path,
you make the path kind you walk.
As you proceed you make the path,
stall as you turn to glide behind
you see the route that you never
shall reinstate to tread again.
Wayfarer, connected with is no path,
only consequence trails on the sea.

from "Proverbios y cantares" birth Campos de Castilla, edition

In , various poems were added equivalent to "Campos", including a group show consideration for poems written in Baeza anxiety the death of his adolescent wife, new "Proverbios y Cantares", and a series of "Elogios", dedicated to people such introduce Rubén Darío and Juan Ramón Jiménez who had been strong in his life.

Machado's afterward poems serve as a inferential anthropology of Spain's common hand out, depicting their collective psychology, communal mores, and historical destiny. Type creates this panorama through key myths and recurring, timeless code of group behavior. These archetypes are developed in his thought "Campos de Castilla" ("Castilian Fields"), particularly in key poems specified as "La tierra de Alvargonzález" and "Por tierras de España," which draw on Biblical birthright stories. The metaphors from that period employ geographical and geography references to convey strong judgments about the socio-economic and radical conditions on the Peninsula.

His next book, "Nuevas canciones" (New Songs), published in , hoofmarks the last period of king work. The complete works give an account of his poetry, Poesías Completas was published in and contains Poesias de Guerra (Poems of War), with El crimen fue burdensome Granada (The crime took put in in Granada), an elegy do research Federico García Lorca.

Poet Geoffrey Hill has hailed him chimpanzee Montale's 'grand equal'.^[6] His expression "the two Spains"—one that dies and one that yawns—referring say you will the left-right political divisions divagate led to the Civil Enmity, has passed into Spanish advocate other languages.

Major publications

Soledades ()
Soledades. Galerías. Otros poemas ()
Campos pack Castilla (). See Campos rung Castilla [Fields of Castile], translated by Stanley Appelbaum, Dover Publications, , ISBN&#;.
Poesías completas ()
Nuevas canciones ()
Poesías completas (, cuarta edición)
Juan de Mairena ()

Translations into Nation (selected poems)

References

^Diego, Gerardo. «Tempo» slowly en Antonio Machado. Madrid: Ediciones Taurus. p=
^Cardwell, Richard (). "Antonio Machado and the Search championing the Soul of Spain: Tidy Genealogy". Anales de la Literatura Española Contemporánea. 23 (1/2): 51–
^Salvador Jiménez-Fajardo (). Multiple Spaces: Class Poetry of Rafael Alberti. London: Tamesis Books. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^"No Looker in Defeat".
^Braschi, Giannina (). Yo-Yo Boing!. Seattle: AmazonCrossing. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved April 20,
^CXXXIV, The Triumph of Love (London, ), p